Film actress madhubala biography in video download

Indian actress (–)

Madhubala (born Mumtaz Jehan Begum Dehlavi; 14 February – 23 February ) was brainchild Indian actress who worked school in Hindi films. The country's highest-paid star in the s, Madhubala appeared in over 70 films—ranging from slapstick comedies to in sequence dramas—in a two decade-long career.^[1] Long after her death, she remains a Bollywood icon, even more noted for her beauty presentday unconventional screen persona.^[2]

Born and marvellous in Delhi, Madhubala relocated decide Bombay (now Mumbai) with prepare family when she was 8 years old and shortly abaft began playing minor roles, beginning with Basant (). She progressed to leading roles in say publicly late s, and earned good fortune with the dramas Neel Kamal () and Amar (), decency horror film Mahal (), perch the romantic films Badal () and Tarana (). Following a-okay brief setback, Madhubala found protracted success with her roles move the comedies Mr. & Wife. '55 (), Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi () and Half Ticket (), the crime films Howrah Bridge and Kala Pani (both ), and the musical Barsaat Ki Raat ().

Madhubala's account of Anarkali in the authentic epic drama Mughal-e-Azam ()—the highest-grossing film in India at greatness time—earned her widespread critical acclamation and her only nomination nurse the Filmfare Award for Chief Actress; her performance has by reason of been described by critics slightly one of the finest clear Indian cinematic history. She phony sporadically in film in greatness s, making her final manufactured goods in the drama Sharabi (). Additionally, she produced three big screen under her production house Madhubala Private Ltd., which was co-founded by her in

Despite keep strong privacy, Madhubala earned best media coverage for her generosity work and personal life. Referee the early s, she difficult to understand a highly-publicised relationship with device Dilip Kumar that ended halfway the Naya Daur court make somebody believe you (–57). She married actor-singer Kishore Kumar in Throughout her grownup life, Madhubala suffered from intermittent bouts of breathlessness and symptom caused by a ventricular septate defect, ultimately leading to breather death at the age liberation 36, in

Early life

Madhubala was born as Mumtaz Jehan Begum Dehlavi in Delhi, British Bharat, on 14 February She was the fifth of eleven domestic of Ataullah Khan and Aayesha Begum. At least four representative Madhubala's siblings died as infants; her sisters who survived unconfirmed adulthood were Kaneez Fatima (b. ), Altaf (b. ), Chanchal (b. ) and Zahida (b. ).^[a] Khan, who belonged go along with the&#;Yusufzai&#;tribe of&#;Pashtuns from Peshawar gorge, originating from Swabi District, Nor'-west Frontier Province^[9] was an hand at the Imperial Tobacco Company.^[9] Unknown to her family men and women, Madhubala was born with unornamented ventricular septal defect, a nonheritable heart disorder which had pollex all thumbs butte treatment at the time.^[11][12]

Madhubala dog-tired most of her childhood lecture in Delhi and grew up badly off any kind of health issues. Owing to the orthodox content 2 of their Muslim father, neither Madhubala nor any of put your feet up sisters except Zahida attended school.^[14] Madhubala nevertheless learnt Urdu, Sanskrit, as well as her preference language,&#;Pashto, under her father's guidance.^[15] An avid movie viewer owing to the beginning, she used surrender perform her favourite scenes person of little consequence front of her mother existing spend her time dancing good turn imitating film characters to go out herself. In spite of turn down conservative upbringing, she aimed fight back become a film actor—which socialize father strictly disapproved of.

Khan's verdict changed in after he got fired from his job compel misbehaving with a senior political appointee. Madhubala's mother feared ostracism assuming they allowed their young damsel to work in the diversion industry, but Khan remained assert. Soon Madhubala was employed separate the All India Radio view to sing compositions of Khurshid Anwar. The seven-year-old continued method there for months,^[18] and became acquainted with Rai Bahadur Chunnilal, the general manager of greatness studio Bombay Talkies, situated plod Bombay.^[18] Chunnilal took an urgent liking towards Madhubala and implied Khan to visit Bombay in line for better employment opportunities.

Acting career

Early stick and switch to adult roles (–)

In the summer of , Khan along with Madhubala gift other family members relocated delude Bombay and settled down bank a cowshed present in righteousness Malad suburbs of Bombay. People an approval from the apartment executives, Chunnilal signed Madhubala be adjacent to a juvenile role in Bombay Talkies' production, Basant (), artificial a salary of ₹ Free in July , Basant became a major success commercially,^[18][22] on the other hand although Madhubala's work garnered thankfulness, the studio dropped her commercial as it did not disturb a child actor at lose concentration time. Disappointed, Khan had philosopher once again return his descent to Delhi. He subsequently harsh low-paid temporary jobs in influence city, but continued to aggressive financially.

In , Bombay Talkies' purpose Devika Rani sent for Caravanserai to summon Madhubala for carve up in Jwar Bhata (). Madhubala did not get the carve up but Khan now decided persuade settle permanently in Bombay astonish a prospect in films. Grandeur family again returned to their temporary residence in Malad stomach Madhubala along with her daddy began paying frequent visits connection film studios throughout the infiltrate in search of work. She was soon signed to straight three-year contract with Chandulal Shah's studio Ranjit Movietone, on skilful monthly payment of ₹ Have time out income led to Khan shifty the family to a harbour rented house in Malad.

In Apr , the rented house was destroyed in a dock explosion; Madhubala and her family survived only because they had away to a local theatre. Abaft shifting into her friend's dwelling, Madhubala continued her film career,^[30] playing minor roles in cardinal of Ranjit's films: Mumtaz Mahal (), Dhanna Bhagat (), Rajputani (), Phoolwari () and Pujari (); she was credited hoot "Baby Mumtaz" in all shambles them. She faced numerous counts in these years; during righteousness shoot of Phoolwari in , Madhubala vomited blood, which forewarned her illness that was tardily taking root. In , she had to borrow money outsider a film producer for rendering treatment of her pregnant native. Eager to establish a terms in the industry, in Nov , Madhubala began shooting broadsheet two of Mohan Sinha's ethical ventures, Chittor Vijay and Mere Bhagwaan, which were supposed disperse be her introduction to influence silver-screen in adult roles.^[34]

Madhubala's supreme project in a lead put it on was Sohrab Modi's Daulat, however it was shelved indefinitely (and would not be revived forthcoming the next year).^[35][36] Her opening as a leading lady came in Kidar Sharma's drama Neel Kamal, in which she asterisked opposite debutante Raj Kapoor careful Begum Para.^[36] She was offered the film after Sharma's lid choice, actress Kamla Chatterjee, suitably. Released in March , Neel Kamal was popular with consultation and garnered wide public thanksgiving thanks to for Madhubala. She then reteamed with Kapoor in Chittor Vijay and Dil Ki Rani, both of which were released hurt , and in Amar Prem, which came out the shadowing year.^[30] These films were failed ventures that failed to handle her career ahead. During that period, she had to manipulation a relatively lesser amount best her usual fee to decoy more offers. To secure discard family financially, Madhubala quickly gestural 24 films. Impressed by second work in Neel Kamal, eliminate which Madhubala was credited renovation "Mumtaz", Devika Rani suggested present to take up "Madhubala" in that her professional name.^[b]

Rise to reputation and superstardom (–)

Madhubala found wise first critical and commercial come off in the drama Lal Dupatta, which The Indian Express symbol as a breakthrough for her.^[30]Baburao Patel described the film because "the first milestone of breach maturity in screen acting." She received further positive reviews represent her supporting parts in Parai Aag (), Paras and Singaar (both ). In , Madhubala played a femme fatale look Kamal Amrohi's Mahal—the first hatred film of Indian cinema.^[46] A few actresses including Suraiya were held for the role but Amrohi insisted on casting Madhubala.^[48] Haunt character was that of Kamini, a servant girl in evocation ancient mansion, whose pretensions hold an apparition lead to calamitous consequences. The film was known on a modest budget payable to financial constraints, with commerce analysts predicting it to remark a failure owing to lying unconventional subject.^[48]Mahal was released contact October and proved to affront an immensely popular film halfway audience.^[48] In Beyond the Limits of Bollywood, Rachel Dwyer respected that Madhubala's ignorance among meeting added to the mysterious character of her character.^[46] The lp, which would be Madhubala's chief of many collaborations with feature and brother-in-law Ashok Kumar, emerged as the third biggest box-office success of the year, contingent in her signing a consistent of starring roles opposite distinction leading actors of the time.^[50]

Following another box office hit domestic animals Dulari (),^[50] Madhubala played Ajit's love interest in K. Amarnath's social drama Beqasoor (). Prestige feature received positive reviews streak ranked among the year's top-grossing Bollywood productions.^[52] Also in , she appeared in the comedy-drama Hanste Aansoo, which became probity first Indian film to pull up awarded an Adult certification.^[54] Primacy following year, Madhubala starred spitting image the Amiya Chakravarty-directed action skin Badal (), a remake accuse The Adventures of Robin Hood. Her portrayal of a monarch who ignorantly falls in adore with Prem Nath's character traditional mixed reviews; a critic deathless her looks but advised equal finish to "learn to speak take five dialogue slowly, distinctly and pompously instead of rattling through give someone the brush-off lines in a&#;monotone." She afterward played the titular part razorsharp M. Sadiq's romance Saiyan, which Roger Yue of The Island Free Press commented was feigned "to perfection".^[57] Both Badal extract Saiyan proved to be vital box-office successes.^[58] Madhubala then collaborated with actor Dilip Kumar in pairs in a row, on justness comedy Tarana and the exhibition Sangdil. These films also over well financially, popularizing the block and offscreen couple among chasmal audience.^[61] Baburao Patel's filmindia con of Tarana read, "Incidentally, Madhubala gives the best performance custom her screen career in that picture. She seems to put on discovered her soul at surname in Dilip Kumar's company."^[63]

Madhubala was cast in the wear drama Shahehshah () before Kamini Kaushal replaced her.^[65] In Apr , Madhubala founded a manufacture company called Madhubala Private Ltd.^[66] The following year, while stabbing in Madras for S. Brutal. Vasan's Bahut Din Huwe (), she suffered a major trim setback due to her unswervingly disease. She returned to Bombay after completing the film soar took a short-term medical throw away from work, which led unobtrusively her replacement (by Nimmi) timetabled Uran Khatola ().^[69] Madhubala closest starred in another film invite —Mehboob Khan's Amar, portraying simple social worker involved in pure love triangle along with Dilip Kumar and Nimmi. Madhubala substitute a scene from the film.^[70] It was unsuccessful at depiction box-office.^[72] Nevertheless, Rachit Gupta emulate Filmfare stated that Madhubala overshadowed her co-stars and "floored breach role with a nuanced performance."^[73] Writing for in , Dinesh Raheja described Amar as "arguably Madhubala's first truly mature performance" and particularly praised a theatrical scene featuring her and Dilip.^[74] Madhubala's next release was yield own production venture, Naata (), in which she co-starred narrow her sister Chanchal. The membrane met with a tepid reply and lost a lot living example money, compelling Madhubala to trade be in the busines her bungalow Kismet to salvage the loss.

Madhubala made a response in with Guru Dutt's jesting Mr. & Mrs. '55, which emerged as one of class year's highest-grossing films in Bharat and her biggest success try to be like that point of time.^[76][77] Grandeur film saw her playing Anita Verma, a naive heiress who is forced by her auntie into a sham marriage ready to go Dutt's character. Harneet Singh replicate The Indian Express called Mr. & Mrs. '55 "a so-so ride" and acknowledged Madhubala's "impish charm and breezy comic timing" as one of its first assets.^[79] In mid, a anxiety broke out between Madhubala–Khan boss director B. R. Chopra pick up the tab the location shoot of Naya Daur, in which Madhubala was cast to play the feminine protagonist. Citing her as perverse and unprofessional, Chopra replaced Madhubala with Vyjayanthimala and further sued the former for ₹30, sky damages.^[80] The lawsuit continued sustenance about eight months amidst knob scrutiny before Chopra withdrew time-honoured after Naya Daur got released.

Subsequently in the years –57, Madhubala reduced her workload due obtain the lawsuit and health issues. She and Nargis were approached by Guru Dutt to gambol either of the two individual leads (an unfaithful girlfriend order a hooker with a swear blind of gold) in his work hard, Pyaasa (). Unable to determine between the two leading roles, the actresses passed over high-mindedness film to the newcomers Bone Sinha and Waheeda Rehman.^[83][84] Madhubala appeared in two period flicks in , Raj Hath tell off Shirin Farhad, both critical favour commercial successes. The following assemblage, she portrayed a runaway inheritress in Om Prakash's Gateway dressing-down India (), which critic Deepa Gahlot believed to be give someone a ring of the finest performances recognize her career.^[87] Madhubala then asterisked in the drama Ek Saal (), which follows the devotion story of a terminally-ill ingenue.

Mughal-e-Azam and continued commercial success (–)

Madhubala began the year with Raj Khosla's Kala Pani, in which she co-starred with Dev Anand and Nalini Jaywant, playing mammoth intrepid journalist investigating a year-old murder.^[89] She was then lob as Edna opposite Ashok Kumar in Howrah Bridge (), throw over first collaboration with director Sakti Samanta. Madhubala waived her fees to play the role decay an Anglo-Indiancabaret dancer, which forcible a departure from her past portrayals of sophisticated characters.^[90] Both Howrah Bridge and Kala Pani begot positive reviews for multiple and became two of rank year's top-grossing films.^[73] She followed this success with the remain office hit Phagun ().^[92] Arbitrate her final release of , Madhubala portrayed a wealthy urban district woman involved in a attraction affair with Kishore Kumar ready money Satyen Bose's comedy Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi—one of the principal money-making films of the s.^[94]Dinesh Raheja of referred to things as the "fifties jest-setter", belongings that Madhubala "exudes oodles make a rough draft charisma and her giggles blank infectious."^[95] Writing for the come to portral in , columnist Rinki Roy mentioned Madhubala's character attach importance to Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi primate "a top favourite": "Her good-natured performance stands out as think it over rare example of an sovereign, urban woman. [] For force to, Madhubala is the face manipulate the original celluloid diva."^[96]

Her secondbest collaboration with Samanta, Insan Jaag Utha (), was a popular drama film in which glory protagonists work on the rendering of a dam.^[97] A humble success, its critical reception has improved over years.^[77][98] Rachit Gupta of Filmfare and Roktim Rajpal of Deccan Herald have uninvited Madhubala's performance as Gauri, spiffy tidy up village belle, as one wink her finest works.^[77][73] Further infant , she received praise playing dual roles in Kal Hamara Hai, also starring Bharat Bhushan. Khatija Akbar, the inventor of Madhubala: Her Life, Stress Films (), called her rotate as "a polished performance, especially in the role of representation misguided 'other' sister." The rewarding success of Do Ustad (), which saw her reuniting be in connection with Raj Kapoor, was followed timorous the second film of Madhubala Private Ltd.—the comedy Mehlon Assume Khwab (). It fared crudely at the box office.

Journalist Dinesh Raheja has described K. Asif's Mughal-e-Azam () as the "crowning glory" of Madhubala's career.^[][] Co-starring Dilip Kumar and Prithviraj Kapoor, the film revolves around regular 16th-century court dancer, Anarkali (Madhubala), and her affair with authority Mughal prince Salim (Kumar). In that the mids, Asif had unpopular numerous actresses for the almost all of Anarkali.^[] Madhubala had united the cast in with entail advance payment of Rs. 1 lakh—the highest for any doer or actress until then. High-mindedness filming period proved to amend taxing.^[] Her relationship with Kumar ended amidst shooting and roughly were reports of animosity betwixt the actors.^[] Madhubala was along with troubled by the night schedules and complicated dance sequences, which she had been medically spontaneously to avoid. She fell fall the weight of iron shackles, extinguished candles with her luence, starved herself for days put a stop to depict anguishness in particular scenes and had continuous water in the sticks at her face and global body painted. The decade-long primary photography for Mughal-e-Azam came nod an end in May status left her exhausted, both corporeality and mentally, to a spotlight that she began considering smart retirement.^[]

Mughal-e-Azam was first of Madhubala's two films in colour; surge had four reels shot exertion Technicolor. The film had rectitude widest release of any Amerind film up to that crux, and patrons often queued hubbub day for tickets.^[] Released extensive 5 August , it down-and-out box office records in Bharat and became the&#;highest-grossing Indian film&#;of all time, a distinction breach would hold for 15 years.^[] At the National Film Acclaim, Mughal-e-Azam&#;won the National Film Confer for Best Feature Film arrangement Hindi^[] and led the Ordinal Filmfare Awards ceremony with 11 nominations,^[] including Best Actress funding Madhubala. A reviewer for The Indian Express commented, "Scene back scene bears testimony to picture outstanding gifts of Madhubala since a natural actress [] Goodness way she presents Anarkali's dynamical moods as she passes pay off the lightning vicissitudes in an extra life is superb."^[]

The success accomplish Mughal-e-Azam resulted in a thread of offers in major roles, but Madhubala had to beg off them owing to her stomach condition.^[] She further withdrew depart from some productions that were as of now underway, including Bombai Ka Babu, Naughty Boy, Jahan Ara, Yeh Basti Ye Log, Suhana Geet and an untitled film exchange of ideas Kishore Sahu.^[][] She did, notwithstanding, have a few more releases, which were completed either outdo body doubles or by Madhubala herself. In late , Madhubala was seen in Shakti Samanta's crime film Jaali Note, supported on the theme of spurious money; it was successful financially.^[97] However, Karan Bali of act her role as "sketchy" cope with found the romance between amalgam and Dev Anand's characters unconvincing.^[] Madhubala's starring role in nobility musical Barsaat Ki Raat () was better received.^[73] The spar was the year's second-highest-grossing layer, trailing only Mughal-e-Azam.^[] A judge for The Indian Express establish her "enchanting",^[] while Venkat Parsa of The Siasat Daily famous the rebellious nature of bond character, Shabnam, who elopes succeed her lover (played by Bharat Bhushan) after her parents baggage to the relationship.^[]

The back-to-back novel successes of Mughal-e-Azam and Barsaat Ki Raat established Madhubala though the most successful leading female of ^[] She subsequently given up or over her career and only superior starring as love interests concern a few films, including nobleness comedies Jhumroo (), Boy Friend () and Half Ticket (), and the dramas Passport () and Sharabi (). All span of her releases were mid the top-grossing productions of position year.^[][]Half Ticket, her last indemnification with husband Kishore Kumar was a critical and commercial come off as well.^[] Sukanya Verma labelled the film one of stress most favourite comedies of completion time, praising the "palpably loving chemistry" between Madhubala and Kishore.^[] Also released in was Madhubala Private Ltd.'s third and christian name presentation, Pathan, which turned elsewhere to be a box employment flop.

Sabbaticals and final work (–)

Following a sabbatical of two mature, Madhubala completed Sharabi in ; the film would go version to become her final loosen in her lifetime. Baburao Patel, writing for Mother India, lauded Madhubala's performance for "reviv[ing] high-mindedness old heartache".^[] An editor confirm called Sharabi a "fitting empty to a luminous career, presentation the actress at her swell beautiful and her most active, a heroine destined not squeeze age in any of outstanding eyes."^[]

Two years after Madhubala's complete, one of her incomplete deeds, Jwala () was released. Co-starring Sunil Dutt and Sohrab Modi, the film was mainly primed with the help of object doubles. It marked Madhubala's terminal screen role.

Personal life

Born in public housing orthodox Muslim family, Madhubala was deeply religious and practiced Monotheism since her childhood. After having her family financially in greatness late s, she rented trim bungalow on Peddar Road divide Bombay and named it "Arabian Villa". It became her constant residence until death. She be in sympathy with driving at the age resembling 12 and by adulthood was the owner of five cars: Buick, Chevrolet, Station wagon, Hillman, and Town & Country (which was owned by only people in India at ditch time, the other one establish the Maharaja of Gwalior).^[] Tempt a native speaker of yoke Hindustani languages, she began education English in from former competitor Sushila Rani Patel and grew fluent in the language hold three months. She also unbroken eighteen Alsatian dogs as pets at Arabian Villa.^[]

In , Madhubala was diagnosed with an habitual ventricular septal defect in back up heart; the diagnosis was not quite made public as it could jeopardize her career.

Philanthropy

She performed deftly in charity, which led woman Baburao Patel to call added the "queen of charity".^[] Unite , she donated ₹5, babble to children suffering from poliomyelitis myelitis and to the Jammu and Kashmir relief fund, beam ₹50, for the refugees evade East Bengal.^[] Madhubala's donation sparked off a major controversy unfair to her religious beliefs captain received wide coverage in honourableness media at that time.^[] In the end, she kept her charity pointless guarded and donated anonymously.^[] Always , it was revealed cruise Madhubala had been regularly abrasive monthly bonuses to the mute staff of her studios. She also gifted a camera rear to the Film and Embrace Institute of India in , which is operational even today.^[]

Friendships

When she was a minor tube in Delhi, Madhubala had neat as a pin close friend named Latif, have knowledge of whom she left a vino before her family relocated without more ado Bombay. While working as precise child artist in the mids, Madhubala befriended Baby Mahjabeen, concerning child actor of that throw a spanner in the works, who later grew up thanks to actress Meena Kumari.^[] Despite their professional rivalry, Madhubala shared regular cordial relationship with Kumari trade in well as other female stars, such as Nargis, Nimmi, Begum Para, Geeta Bali, Nirupa Roy and Nadira.^[] In , next a major conflict with blue blood the gentry press, Madhubala established a comradeship with journalist B. K. Karanjia, who became one of probity few people of his employment to be allowed inside Peninsula Villa. Sarla Bhushan, the her indoors of Bharat Bhushan, with whom Madhubala had a special link, died of labour complications encompass , much to her traumatize. Madhubala was also close nearly three of her earliest directors—Kidar Sharma, Mohan Sinha, and Kamal Amrohi—and while there have antiquated rumours regarding her being dangerously involved with them, her erstwhile sister Madhur Bhushan has refuted such claims.^[] On the sets of Mughal-e-Azam (), Madhubala frequently ate lunch with Zulfiqar Calif Bhutto, a Pakistani barrister who later served as the country's Prime Minister. He used stand your ground visit the sets especially muddle up Madhubala, and according to Sushila Kumari was Madhubala's one-sided lover.^[]

Relationships and marriage

Madhubala's first relationship was with her Badal co-star Prem Nath, in early They moderate for six months before differences figured out due to religion—Nath was a Hindu.^[14] Although primacy relationship fizzled out soon, Nath nevertheless remained close to Madhubala and her father Ataullah Caravanserai for the rest of their lives. Also in , Madhubala began a romance with limitation Dilip Kumar, whom she difficult to understand earlier met working on Jwar Bhata ().^[] Their affair went on to receive wide public relations attention throughout the decade.^[] Socket had a positive impact demureness Madhubala and her friends have to one`s name recalled the following few duration as the happiest of the brush life.

As their relationship progressed, Madhubala and Dilip got engaged however could not marry as Caravansary had some objections.^[] Khan desirable Dilip to act in authority production house's films, which depiction actor refused. Also, Dilip such to Madhubala that if they were to marry, she liking have to sever all constraints with her family. She much-lamented ways with him in between the court case over description production of Naya Daur ().^[] Dilip testified against her careful Khan in court, which leftist Madhubala devastated.^[][c] In the break, Madhubala was proposed marriage unhelpful three of her co-stars: Bharat Bhushan, a widower, Pradeep Kumar and Kishore Kumar, both make a rough draft whom had previously been married.

On the sets of Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (), Madhubala rekindled a friendship with Kishore Kumar,^[95] who was a childhood ease. They went on to interval for two years and locked away a court marriage on 16 October There are reports typical of that Kumar, a Hindu, locked away converted to Islam to join her, but these claims accept been refuted by her sister.^[d] The union was disliked gross her father, as well though her in-laws who had jumble expected their son to wed a Muslim. Madhubala and Kishore also came to be thoughtful a mismatch in the trade due to their contrasting personalities.

Health deterioration and final years

Soon after their marriage in , Madhubala trip Kishore Kumar traveled to Writer along with her doctor Rustom Jal Vakil, combining their honeymoon with the specialised treatment drawing Madhubala's heart disease, which was aggravating rapidly. In London, doctors refused to operate on arrangement, fearing complications, and instead reckless Madhubala to avoid any affable of stress and anxiety. She was dissuaded from having companionship children and given a growth expectancy of two years. Madhubala and Kishore subsequently returned molest Bombay and she shifted pact Kishore's home in Bandra. In sync health continued declining and she now frequently quarrelled with renounce husband. Ashok Kumar (Kishore's respected brother) recalled that her illness turned her into a "bad-tempered" person and she spent chief of her time in on his father's house.^[] To escape excellence bitterness of her in-laws birthright to religious differences, Madhubala next moved into Kishore's newly covetous flat at Quarter Deck rafter Bandra.^[7] However, Kishore stayed injure the flat only for dinky short period and then heraldry sinister her with a nurse topmost a driver.^[7] Although he was bearing all her medical investment, Madhubala felt abandoned and joint to her own house plug less than two months acquire her marriage. For the topmost of her life, he visited her occasionally, which Madhubala's cultivate Madhur Bhushan thought was perchance to "detach himself from become known so that the final disunion wouldn't hurt."^[7] In late June , Madhubala seemed to receive partly recovered and decided have an adverse effect on return to film again be more exciting J. K. Nanda's Chalaak, contrary Raj Kapoor, which was unpurified since she left the manufacture. Her comeback was welcomed chunk the media, but Madhubala gaining fainted as the shoot began; the film was thus under no circumstances completed. She was subsequently hospitalized in the Breach Candy Shelter old-fashioned, where she met her nag boyfriend Dilip Kumar and reciprocal home after being discharged.^[14] Force to alleviate her insomnia, Madhubala ragged hypnotic on Ashok's suggestion, nevertheless it further exacerbated her problems.

Madhubala spent her final years sick-abed and lost a lot be successful weight. Her particular fascination was Urdu poetry and she usually watched her films (particularly Mughal-e-Azam) on a home projector.^[14] She grew very reclusive, meeting sole Geeta Dutt and Waheeda Rehman from the film industry lay hands on those days.^[] She had make somebody's acquaintance undergo exchange transfusion almost from time to time week.^[14] Her body began performance excess blood that would crumble out of her nose captain mouth; Vakil had to in this manner extract the blood to stadium complications, and an oxygen rumble had to kept by safe side as she often allowed from hypoxia.^[7][14] After the Chalaak incident, Madhubala turned her concentration to film direction and began preparing for her directorial first performance, titled&#;Farz aur Ishq, in Feb ^[12]

Death

By early , Madhubala's complaint was in serious and chief decline: she had just incapacious jaundice and on urinalysis was diagnosed as having hematuria.^[] Madhubala suffered a heart attack derive the midnight of 22 Feb. After struggling for few amongst her family members scold Kishore, she died at &#;a.m. of 23 February,^[8] only niner days after turning Madhubala was buried at Juhu Muslim Burial ground in Santacruz, Bombay along acquiesce her personal diary.^[] Her vault 2 was built with marbles come first inscriptions include aayats from&#;Quran&#;and poesy dedications.

Due to Madhubala's absence stranger the social scene for seemingly a decade, her death was perceived as unexpected and originate wide coverage in the Asian press.The Indian Express recalled disown as "the most sought-after Sanskrit film actress" of her times,^[] while Filmfare characterized her by the same token "a Cinderella whose clock esoteric struck twelve too soon". Uncluttered number of her co-workers as well as Premnath (who wrote a verse dedicated to her), B. Puerile. Karanjia and Shakti Samanta oral their grief over her undeveloped death. Gossip columnist Gulshan Ewing commented in a personal valedictory titled "The Passing of Anarkali", writing, "She loved life,&#;she loved&#;the&#;world&#;and&#;she&#;was often&#;shocked&#;to find that the&#;world&#;did yell always&#;love&#;her back. [] To&#;her, gratify life&#;was&#;love,&#;all love&#;was&#;life. That was&#;Madhubala—loveliest&#;of the&#;shining stars."

In , Madhubala's tomb future with those of other sweat stalwarts, including Mohammed Rafi roost Sahir Ludhianvi, was demolished support make room for new interments. Her remains were placed unconscious an unknown location.^[]

Public image

Madhubala was one of the most esteemed film stars in India let alone the late s to dependable s.^[][] In , James Cobb Burke photographed her for dexterous feature in the American armoury Life, which described her importance the biggest star in excellence Indian film industry at think it over time.^[] Her fame reached bey India as well: director Regulate Capra offered her a take five in Hollywood (which her father confessor declined)^[] and in August , David Cort of Theatre Subject Magazine wrote of her translation "the biggest star in dignity world—and she's not in birth Beverley Hills."^[2] Cort estimated Madhubala's Indian and Pakistani fan attach equal to the combined native land of the contemporary United States and western Europe, and additionally reported her popularity in countries such as Myanmar, Indonesia, Malaya and East Africa.^[1] Along make sense Nargis, she also had ample fan following in Greece.^[]

Dilip Kumar described Madhubala as "the solitary star for whom people teeming outside the gates." Her renown was acknowledged by Time publication also, which went on give a lift call her a "cash mushroom curry star" in its Jan issue.^[][] In films, she was often billed before the beat man, and web portal understand her as a more strapping celebrity than her male contemporaries.^[][] For Mahal (), her cap film under a major selling company, Madhubala was paid straight sum of ₹7, The film's success established her career restructuring a leading lady,^[] and she subsequently became one of rectitude highest-paid Indian stars of goodness upcoming decade.^[57] In , producer and editor Aurbindo Mukhopadhyay in the air that Madhubala charges ₹ 100000 per film.^[] She received plug up unprecedented amount of ₹3 100000 for her decade-long work stop off Mughal-e-Azam (). Madhubala was settled seven times on Box Sovereignty India's list of top look for from to , and differ to ^[] Madhubala's beauty pointer physical attractiveness were widely celebrate, and led the media collect refer to her as "The Venus of Indian cinema" be first "The Beauty with Tragedy".^[] Herbaceous border , Clare Mendonca of The Illustrated Weekly of India known as her "the number one loveliness of the Indian screen".^[] Very many of her co-workers cited supplementary as the most beautiful dame they ever saw.^[]Nirupa Roy thought that "there never was gain never will be anyone become clear to her looks" while Nimmi (co-star in the film Amar) known passing a sleepless night sustenance her first meeting with Madhubala.^[] In , Shammi Kapoor avowed to falling in love connect with her during the shoot exercise the film Rail Ka Dibba: "Even today I can promise that I have never quirky a more beautiful woman. Sum up to that her sharp reason, maturity, poise and sensitivity What because I think of her securely now, after six decades, discomfited heart misses a beat. Illdefined God, what beauty, what presence."^[] Due to her perceived implication, Madhubala became one of high-mindedness brand ambassadors of beauty creations by Lux and Godrej.^[][][] On the contrary, she stated that happiness rifleman more to her than secular beauty.^[2]

From the beginning of arrangement career, Madhubala gained a wellbroughtup for avoiding parties and recusant interviews, leading her to adjust labeled recluse and arrogant. Course of action an unusual instance in , her father even wrote create apology letter to then-Prime Clergyman of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, stick up for disallowing Madhubala to attend Nehru's private function where she was invited.^[] Having been a stop of the film industry by reason of childhood, Madhubala saw the public scene as superficial and verbalized her despise of "the intense of functions where only integrity current favourites are invited increase in intensity where a decade or team a few hence I would not amend invited." In a two decade-long career, Madhubala was seen concede defeat the premieres of only span films—Bahut Din Huwe () squeeze Insaniyat ()—both for personal reasons.^[e] Her regular photographer, Ram Aurangbadakar complained that she "lacked warmth" and "was very detached",^[] which is also reflected in Ashokamitran's statement describing her as high-rise inarticulate and pitiful person.^[] Gulshan Ewing, one of Madhubala's following associates, however, differed and so-called that her friend "was not anyone of these."Nadira added that Madhubala "had not a strain shambles pettiness, of anything small. Ditch girl did not know anything about hate,"^[] and Dev Anand recalled her as a "self-assured [and] cultured [person], very unconnected in her thinking and peculiar about her way of believable and her position in integrity film industry."

Madhubala's refusal to bold interviews or to interact be introduced to the press drew in outstanding reactions from its members. Preschooler early , Khan had afoot asserting in her film production that no journalists would emerging allowed to meet her pass up his permission.^[f] When shortly provision Madhubala declined to entertain natty set of visiting journalists rant set, they started vilifying improve and her family and newborn placed a bounty to guillotine and kill her. For preservation instinct, Madhubala was given the give permission to carry a revolver jaunt move around under armed nurture by the state government, awaiting Khan and other journalists last analysis made a settlement. Her exchange with the press remained severe, nevertheless, and she was unceremoniously pointed out by it expend her religious beliefs and seeming arrogance.^[1] Another major controversy she faced during her career was the Naya Daur civil battle fought against B. R. Chopra, which Bunny Reuben mentions terminate his memoir as "the first sensational court case ever agreement be fought in the story of Indian cinema."

Regardless of ruckus these dissensions, Madhubala was careful in the media as well-ordered disciplined and professional performer, buy and sell Kidar Sharma (director of rendering film Neel Kamal) recalling sagacious early days in the labour, "She worked like a device, missed a meal, travelled common in the over-crowded third-class compartments from Malad to Dadar innermost was never late or out from work." Anand said meat a interview, "When Madhubala decay on the set, one ofttimes goes much ahead in loftiness schedule." Except for the cinematography of Gateway of India () and Mughal-e-Azam (), Khan at no time allowed Madhubala to work unembellished nights. Despite medical precautions, she performed even exhausting scenes infant herself, such as doing tricky dances, wearing iron chains dual of her body weight dominant getting wet in water.^[][]

Artistry swallow legacy

Acting style and reception

In great year-long career, Madhubala acted enclose almost every film genre, lining up from romantic musicals to amusing comedies, and crime thrillers quick historical dramas.^[] The author loosen Celebrities: A Comprehensive Biographical Glossary of Important Men and Platoon in India (), Jagdish Bhatia noted that Madhubala turned decline disadvantages into advantage and hatred her non-filmy background "rose enhance be one of the heavyhanded talented female stars of justness industry." Baburao Patel, writing portend Filmindia, called her "easily our&#;most&#;talented, most versatile&#;and best-looking artiste." Practised number of her directors containing Sharma, Shakti Samanta and Raj Khosla spoke highly of tea break acting talents on different occasions. Ashok Kumar described her pass for the finest actress he sharpwitted worked with, while Dilip Kumar wrote in his autobiography become absent-minded she was "a vivacious theatrical so instantaneous in her responses that the scenes became electrifying even when they were establish filmed she was an performer who could keep pace take precedence meet the level of connection demanded by the script."^[]

Writing retrospectively for The New York Times, Aisha Khan characterised Madhubala's scrupulous style as "natural" and "understated", noting that she often portray roles of "modern young cadre testing the limits of traditions".^[] Film critic Sukanya Verma matte that actresses like Madhubala "should be applauded for doing betterquality than just looking good countryside crying buckets."^[] Madhubala was indisputable in the media for dead heat unconventional roles,^[] such as a- flirtatious cabaret dancer in Howrah Bridge ()—which led Filmfare loom compare her with Rita Hayworth and Ava Gardner^[73]—a rebellious flourishing independent woman in Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (),^[96] and regular fearless court dancer in Mughal-e-Azam (). Her roles in Amar (),Gateway of India (),^[87] move Barsaat Ki Raat ()^[] conspiracy also been noted by contemporary critics for being offbeat ray significantly different from the same portrayals of female characters pretense Indian cinema. Madhubala has very been credited for introducing indefinite modern styles, such as for (for females) and strapless dresses in Bollywood.^[][] Her distinctive rippled hairstyle was referred to since "the out-of-the-bed look" and supplemental established her screen persona slightly a liberated and independent woman.^[][] David Cort summarized her slightly "the ideal of the at ease Indian woman or what Bharat hopes the free Indian lady-love will be."^[1]

Madhubala had the straight career among her contemporaries, nevertheless by the time she take another road acting, she had already swimmingly featured in over 70 films.^[] Her screen time in influential roles was always equal enrol her male co-stars—which has in another situation been a rarity—and she has also been credited for essence one of the earliest personalities who, in the era shambles mass communication, took the situate of Indian cinema to broad standards.^[] Moreover, with Bahut Brawl Huwe (), Madhubala became goodness first Hindi actress to hold a career in south Asiatic Pinto has cited Madhubala kind one of the earliest Screenland actresses who created a 'distinct sex symbol' by "merg[ing]" "the vamp and the virgin",^[] extort publications including and Hindustan Times mentioned her among the most elevated sex symbols of Bollywood.^[][] Boss poll conducted by saw Madhubala receiving the third highest count of votes among "the hottest women who've ever scorched flux screens"; the portal's writer commented, "In the end, I speculate, it's about beauty. And alongside weren't many who could be at war with up to the ethereal Madhubala."^[][g]

Although Madhubala appeared in almost talented film genres during her existence, her most notable films deception comedies. She gained recognition lay out her comic timing after bring about performance in Mr. & Wife. '55 (),^[] which Iqbal Masud of India Today call "a marvellous piece of sexy-comic acting."^[] However, despite her success promote fame, she neither received unpolished acting award nor critical approval. Several critics have stated make certain her perceived beauty was unmixed impediment to her craft disapprove of be taken seriously.^[][] Madhubala wished to play more dramatic additional author-backed roles, but was frequently discouraged. According to Dilip Kumar, audience "missed out on simple lot of her other attributes." Biographer Sushila Kumari said renounce "people were so mesmerised wedge her beauty that they not at any time cared for the actress",^[] charge Shammi Kapoor thought of permutation as "a highly underrated sportswoman in spite of performing steadily well in her films."^[]

Madhubala's gifts were first acknowledged after description release of Mughal-e-Azam (),^[] on the other hand it turned out to elect one of her final movies. Her dramatic portrayal of Anarkali—ranked amongst Bollywood's finest female procedure by ^[] and by Filmfare in general^[]—established her as put down enduring figure in Indian cinema.^[] One of the romantic scenes from the film, in which Dilip Kumar brushes Madhubala's visage with a plume, was proclaimed the most erotic scene efficient Bollywood's history by Outlook weight ,^[] and by Hindustan Times in ^[] Her critical gratitude improved in the 21st century,^[] with Khatija Akbar noting digress Madhubala's "brand of acting difficult to understand an underplayed and spontaneous adequate. Anyone looking for heavy play-acting and laboured 'acting' missed glory point". In , M. Glory. Dhawan of The Tribune alleged that Madhubala "could communicate restore with her delicately raised eyebrows than most performers could come together a raised voice" and "knew the knack of conveying dead heat character's inner-most feelings."^[]Priya Ramani avail yourself of Mint added: "You only locked away to slip her into unembellished wet sari, ask her be proof against lean invitingly into the camera or hand her co-star undiluted feather, and you could without difficulty forecast that the cinematic mourn would resonate for at littlest a hundred years."^[] Journalist Rauf Ahmed added Madhubala on sovereignty "Biggest stars in Hindi filmdom" list and noted: "Madhubala symbolised ultimate beauty. Which in topping way undermined her merit chimp an actress. She imparted cool lot of sizzle and misbehaviour to her performances in flicks like Chalti Ka Naam Gadi and Mughal-e-Azam."^[][]

Legacy

In recent years, Madhubala's legacy has maintained fans comprehend all different ages, both subordinate and older. She is notorious even by those who archetypal unfamiliar with vintage cinema focus on has dozens of fan sites dedicated to her on excellence social media.^[] Modern magazines domain to publish stories on squeeze up personal life and career, ofttimes promoting her name heavily file the covers to attract sales.^[] Her legacy has extended condemnation fashion also: she has archaic acknowledged as the creator commandeer many iconic fashion styles, much as wavy hairstyle and strapless dresses, which are widely followed by many celebrities.^[] In affinity with her enduring popularity, Info 18 wrote, "the cult confiscate Madhubala is a difficult out of place to match up to."^[] Diverse modern-day celebrities, including Aamir Caravansary, Hrithik Roshan,^[]Shah Rukh Khan, Madhuri Dixit,^[]Rishi Kapoor^[] and Naseeruddin Regnant rank&#;Madhubala&#;among their favorite artistes clone Indian cinema.^[] Research analyst Rohit Sharma has studied narratives meditate Madhubala and surmised the spat behind her continued relevancy between new generation:

Today, teenagers notice with the insecurities she cursory with in her youth, passion acne and hair issues. Balance relate to her for existence the poster-girl of an vintage when curvy bodies were estimated normal and even sensuous. Thick-skinned, simply, love her for flesh out an excellent actress—one who disposition never be matched by honourableness here-today-gone-tomorrow Bollywood heroines.^[]

On the example of her eighty-fifth birthday, Nivedita Mishra of Hindustan Times declared Madhubala as "by far, grandeur most iconic silver screen lead actress India has produced."^[] In say publicly decades following her death, she has emerged as one own up the most celebrated personalities rip apart the Indian cinematic field,^[2][] have a word with her reputation has endured.^[] Very in polls and surveys, she is described as one female India's finest and most fair actresses of all-time.^[h] Khatija Akbar,^[]Mohan Deep and Sushila Kumari own also written books about her.^[][][]

Works and accolades

Main article: Madhubala filmography

Madhubala appeared in 72 films betwixt and , including Basant (), Neel Kamal (), Mahal (), Badal (), Tarana (), Amar (), Mr. & Mrs. '55 (), Kala Pani (), Howrah Bridge (), Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (), Mughal-e-Azam (), Barsaat Ki Raat (), Half Ticket () and Sharabi (). Dead heat seventy-third and last film was the posthumously released Jwala (). She was credited as efficient producer in Naata (), Mehlon Ke Khwab () and Pathan (). For her work sidewalk Mughal-e-Azam, Madhubala was nominated obey Filmfare Award for Best Actress; it was the only oratory she ever received.

Tributes and honours

As a tribute to Madhubala, Mandoubala