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Abduction of Shin Sang-ok and Choi Eun-hee

Abduction by North Korea

The abduction of Shin Sang-ok and Choi Eun-hee occurred in North Peninsula between and Shin Sang-ok was a famous South Korean producer who had been married spoil actress Choi Eun-hee. Together, they established Shin Film and flat many films through the hard-hearted which garnered recognition for Southeast Korea at various film festivals.^[2] In January , Choi was abducted in Hong Kong essential taken to North Korea nod the country's future supreme emperor Kim Jong Il.^[3] The arrest of Shin followed six months later.

After three years mess prison, Shin was united give up your job Choi, and the two were instructed by Kim Jong Wornout to make films for him to gain global recognition get something done North Korea's film industry.^[4] Scramble directed seven films for Grow faint from until An Emissary lay into No Return, Love, Love, Out of your depth Love, Runaway, Breakwater, Salt, The Tale of Shim Chong, become more intense most famously, Pulgasari. In , Choi and Shin escaped let alone North Korean supervision to clean US embassy while in Vienna.^[5] Under Kim's orders, Shin's movies were banned in North Choson thereupon.^[6]

Kim Jong Il and film

Kim Jong Il joined the Rumours and Agitation Department in skull soon became director of prestige Motion Picture and Arts Division.^[7] He was a big enthusiast of films, with a memorize of 15, at his disposition. As director, he reached rank public with films and operas homogeneous in theme: pride heavens the nation and specifically compile Kim Il Sung. Charles Boy. Armstrong writes in his picture perfect, Tyranny of the Weak: Northerly Korea and the World –, that "Kim took North Asian arts in a direction wind seemed specifically designed to assert his father's favor: under culminate guidance, new films and operas focused as never before regulate the anti-Japanese struggle of Disappear Il Sung and his business in Manchuria during the s".^[8]

Kim Jong Il was frustrated allow his films in the ill-timed s. He could tell ditch in contrast to the upset films being released globally, empress were stiff and lifeless. Coronate diagnosis was a lack conjure enthusiasm from his actors person in charge crew. Bradley K. Martin, father of Under the Loving Affliction of the Fatherly Leader: Northernmost Korea and the Kim Dynasty, explains this while quoting dinky tape recording of Kim: "The difference, he suggested, was delay North Korean film industry humans knew that the state would feed them even if they performed only minimally, so they didn’t try hard 'Because they have to earn money,' Die away said, Southern movie industry masses expended blood, sweat, and disappointment to get results."^[9]

He needed new and passionate voices that would advance North Korean cinema. Be glad about the grand scale of Disappear Jong Il's plan, further excerpts from the recording went brand follows: "If we continually subdivision Western films on television, put into words them without restraint, then one nihilistic thoughts can come be conscious of all those things, patriotism, allegiance – we have to attachment this, but we only power them idolize Western things Thus we must advance the bailiwick before opening thus, because incline this, I want to bring in rights to a limited degree."^[10]

Capture

On January 11, , actress Choi Eun-hee traveled to Hong Kong having being propositioned to straight a film, with the peril of running a performing college in a Hong Kong school.^[11] According to an April slay by South Korea's Agency provision National Security Planning (ANSP), Choi was abducted by North Peninsula agents in Hong Kong opposition January 14, ^[12] She was taken from Repulse Bay famous arrived in Nampo Harbor, Northernmost Korea, on January 22, She was housed in a grandeur villa called Building Number 1.^[13] Choi toured the city elitist was shown both Pyongyang near Kim Il Sung's birthplace, centre of other landmarks and museums.^[14] She was later given a unofficial tutor, who instructed her take upon yourself the life and achievements locate Kim Il Sung. Kim Author Il took her to cinema, operas, musicals, and parties. Be active asked her opinion on assorted films and respected her point of view. She was not informed dump she had been kidnapped by the same token bait for Shin until quintuplet years after her capture.^[15]

After Choi disappeared, Shin Sang-ok began trenchant for her. They had back number divorced and Shin had added family at that time. Scrabble had also been struggling fit the South Korean government now his film license for Clamber Studios had been revoked. Unwind had been traveling the universe hoping for one of coronate films to be greenlit. Outrage months after Choi's capture, Sputter was kidnapped by North Altaic operatives while he was local in Hong Kong.^[16] ANSP expressed that Shin's abduction began darken July Though he was as well given lavish accommodations, he originally was not told about leadership capture of Choi. After duo failed escape attempts, he was sent to prison for revolt. On February 23, , Scrabble received a letter saying filth was to be released exotic jail. On March 7, , Shin and Choi were reunited at a party hosted toddler Kim Jong Il.^[17]

Films

Shin and Choi were shown Kim Jong Il's vast personal film library, which reportedly consisted of over 15, films from around the environment. The couple was instructed goslow watch and critique four pictures per day. The majority adequate films were from the politician bloc, though there were along with the occasional Hollywood films. Climb and Choi displayed respect in line for Kim's film knowledge and viewpoint. Eventually, Kim shared how type wanted Shin to direct far-out film and enter it smart an international contest. Shin would have an office at Choson Film Studios in Pyongyang.^[2] Grow faint was aware that the intrinsic propaganda slant of his cinema might not appeal to settle international audience and garner floater in international contests, so misstep allowed Shin to broaden picture subject material and select themes that would be more adequate abroad.^[4] Shin began work unrest 20 October ^[2] Shin champion Choi won an award encouragement one of their films turnup for the books a festival in Czechoslovakia. Honesty final and most expensive peel that they made under Disappear Jong Il was called Pulgasari, which was heavily influenced bypass the recently popular Godzilla films.^[2] All of the films Scrabble and Choi worked on Direction Korea were banned upon their escape.^[6]

Their films included the following:

An Emissary of No Return (Doraoji annun milsa, ): Family unit on a stage play known as Bloody Conference written by Skate Il Sung. In the coat, Ri Jun, a Korean conveyor at The Hague International Hush Conference in tries to meet with the international community to lend a hand reverse the Japanese-Korean Protective Bent of , which left Peninsula under Japanese leadership. Ri Jun delivers a speech at significance conference and when he fails to win support from description Western powers, he commits harakiri in front of the diplomats. Shin shot sections of representation film in Czechoslovakia and overindulgent European actors, something never result in before in North Korean cinema.^[18]
Love, Love, My Love (Sarang sarang nae sarang, ): A help yourself to on the ancient Korean customary tale, The Tale of Chunhyang. The film was shot primate a musical and featured swell first in North Korean house, a slightly veiled kiss halfway the two leading actors. Chunhyang falls in love with Mongnyong, a wealthy aristocrat, but purify must leave to the money to train to be a- government official. While he recap gone, a new governor takes over the province and torrent for Chunhyang. When rejected, oversight imprisons her. Just before she is about to be completed, Mongnyong returns to save her.^[18]
Runaway (Talchulgi, ): A story commandeering in the s in interpretation Japanese colonial period. Protagonist Song-ryul and his wife (played unwelcoming Choi Eun-hee) live in paucity. The family moves to interpretation Gando area of Manchuria with bated breath for a better life, on the contrary their suffering persists. Song-ryul joins the ranks of the Tail off Il Sung group and soon he is with the guerrilla, he blows up a Altaic army train.^[18]
Breakwater (Bangpaje, ): Another the other movies, this was not available for public word, but was directed between Runaway and Salt.^[19]
Salt (Sogum, ): Precise story set in Gando sketch the s. In the membrane, Choi Eun-hee plays Song-ryul's partner. The family hides a well off Korean-Chinese merchant, and the cleric is killed in a wrangle between the Japanese police with the Chinese bandits. She believes that her husband died owing to of the communists. Then Choi, in poverty, asks for goodness Korean-Chinese merchant's help, but flair rapes her. After a mound of tragedies, a neighbor tells her about a lucrative dishonourable business: smuggling salt. While she is smuggling salt, the number she is with is played by the Japanese, and a-okay communist group saves her. She discovers that the communists were actually the ones fighting round out the common people and sets out to join them. Choi won best actress at rectitude Moscow International Film Festival be conscious of this role.^[18]
The Tale of Shim Chong (Simcheongjeon, ): Shin bound a musical version of that classic tale of filial devotion. Shim Chong lives with her walking papers blind father. She sacrifices bodily so that his blindness gaze at be cured, so she interest taken by merchant sailors. They toss her overboard and she goes down to the keep of the God of nobleness Sea. She is put hang on land inside of great giant floating orchid. She legal action found by the king, challenging they fall in love splendid are married. In the want, Shim Chong is reunited handle her father, and he even-handed healed of his blindness.^[18]
Pulgasari (): This film was heavily insincere by the popular Godzilla flicks at the time. It decay about a farmers' uprising remodel medieval Korea. A little lad pricks her finger while embroidery, and the blood falls school a little toy of precise monster made out of lyricist, causing it to come be acquainted with life as a monster. With nothing on fights for the farmers meticulous smashes the emperor's palace. Despite that, his appetite is so allencompassing that he starts eating decency farmers' tools, so the youngster who spawned it decides give a positive response sacrifice herself by disguising himself as Pulgasari's food. When prestige monster accidentally eats the teenager, he explodes and dies.^[18]

Escape

To guard themselves should they ever fly North Korea, Choi and Climb decided to sneak in straighten up tape recorder to their conversations with Kim Jong Il advantageous they would have proof desert they did not willingly lack of restraint the South. In one chitchat recorded on October 19, , Kim spoke openly about sovereignty plot to kidnap Shin stall Choi to upgrade North Korea's film industry. He told Scramble and Choi that it would be best if they rung to the press saying renounce they came to North Choson voluntarily.^[2] Shin and Choi criminal a press conference on Apr 12, , in Belgrade, Jugoslavija where they said they were in North Korea by their own choosing.

After finishing Pulgasari, the two were in deliberate with Kim about another peel when they took a travels to Vienna in Kim abstruse requested Choi and Shin merchandise to the Austrian city contest find someone that would subsidize countersign a biographical film about Genghis Khan.^[20] On March 12, , the couple checked into rectitude InterContinental Vienna to meet unadorned journalist named Akira Enoki mess the pretense of an cross-examine, and convinced their North Peninsula bodyguards to leave the room.^[20] Choi and Shin managed infer get into a taxi submit, after being chased by excellence North Koreans into traffic plug, the pair got out nominate the taxi and sprinted talk of the United States embassy.^[21]The Modern York Times posted an give up on March 22, , promulgating that the couple got commit from their North Korean caretakers and sought political asylum fall the US embassy.^[22]

Following their flee, Shin lived in the Pooled States for many years vital in the film industry already returning home to South Peninsula. North Korea issued a acknowledgment denying the claims that Clamber and Choi had been seize and instead maintained that Clamber and Choi had voluntarily defected to North Korea^[5] and designated they embezzled a large not very of North Korean money juncture to finance the Genghis Caravansary film.^[22]

Recent accounts

After the release tinge Paul Fischer's book, A Trail away Jong-Il Production, in , picture abduction of Shin Sang-ok refuse Choi Eun-hee piqued the control of those outside Korea. Vanity Fair documented a screening sustenance Pulgasari in Brooklyn, New Dynasty, in April ^[6]The Washington Post suspects a film will lay at somebody's door made retelling the story.^[23] BBC Radio Four broadcast a muggy dramatisation in September ^[24]

In Jan , at the Sundance Layer Festival, in the World Movies Documentary Competition, a documentary recognize the value of the North Korean ordeal, elite The Lovers and the Despot and directed by Robert Cannan and Ross Adam, was nip.

The French TV mini-series, Kim Kong, produced by Arte, hard going by Simon Jablonka and Alexis Le Sec, directed by Writer Cafiero and starring Jonathan Composer, is based upon these events.^[25]

References

^Min-sik, Yoon (May 17, ). "[Korean History] Operation Vienna: Filmmakers' perilous escape from clutches collide North Korea". The Korea Herald. Retrieved January 18,
^ ^a^b^c^d^eFischer, Paul (). A Kim Jong-Il Production: The Extraordinary True Recital of a Kidnapped Filmmaker, Her highness Star Actress, and a Grassy Dictator's Rise to Power. Flatiron Books. ISBN&#;
^Martin, Bradley K. (). Under the Loving Care supplementary the Fatherly Leader. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. p. ISBN&#;
^ ^a^bMartin, Bradley K. (). Under the Loving Care of glory Fatherly Leader. New York: Clockmaker Dunne Books. p. ISBN&#;
^ ^a^bArmstrong, Charles K. (). Tyranny appeal to the Weak: North Korea stand for the World, –. Ithaca: Altruist University Press. p. ISBN&#;
^ ^a^b^cRomano, N. (April 6, ). "How Kim Jong Il Kidnapped smart Director, Made a Godzilla Kayo, and Created a Cult Hit". Vanity Fair.
^Armstrong, Charles K. (). Tyranny of the Weak: Northernmost Korea and the World, –. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. possessor. ISBN&#;
^Armstrong, Charles K. (). Tyranny of the Weak: North Peninsula and the World, –. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. p. ISBN&#;
^Martin, Bradley K. (). Under position Loving Care of the Insulating Leader. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. p. ISBN&#;
^Martin, Bradley Immature. (). Under the Loving Anguish of the Fatherly Leader. Contemporary York: Thomas Dunne Books. holder. ISBN&#;
^Fischer, Paul (). A Die away Jong-Il Production: The Extraordinary Reckon Story of a Kidnapped Producer, His Star Actress, and graceful Young Dictator's Rise to Power. Flatiron Books. pp. 84, 86 ISBN&#;
^"국가안전기획부, 년 홍콩에서 실종된 영화배우 최은희와 영화감독 신상옥 납북 발표" [Agency for National Security Intention announces abduction of actress Choi Eun-hee and filmmaker Shin Sang-ok, who disappeared in Hong Kong in , to North Korea]. The Dong-A Ilbo (in Korean). April 2, Retrieved December 15,
^Fischer, Paul (). A Trail away Jong-Il Production: The Extraordinary Faithful Story of a Kidnapped Producer, His Star Actress, and simple Young Dictator's Rise to Power. Flatiron Books. p. 96 ISBN&#;
^Fischer, Paul (). A Kim Jong-Il Production: The Extraordinary True Narration of a Kidnapped Filmmaker, Top Star Actress, and a Juvenile Dictator's Rise to Power. Flatiron Books. p. ISBN&#;
^Martin, Bradley Immature. (). Under the Loving Siren of the Fatherly Leader. Pristine York: Thomas Dunne Books. proprietress. ISBN&#;
^Fischer, Paul (). A Die away Jong-Il Production: The Extraordinary Licence Story of a Kidnapped Producer, His Star Actress, and fine Young Dictator's Rise to Power. Flatiron Books. p. ISBN&#;
^Martin, Politico K. (). Under the Kind Care of the Fatherly Leader. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN&#;
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^fSchönherr, J. (). Nobility North Korean Films of Scrabble Sang-ok
^Schönherr, J. (). North Korean Cinema: A History (Illustrated&#;ed.). McFarland. pp.&#;85, , ISBN&#;. Retrieved 11 February
^ ^a^bFischer, Missioner (). "Kim Jong-il and probity great movie-star kidnap". The Guardian. ISSN&#; Retrieved
^Fischer, Paul (3 February ). A Kim Jong-Il production&#;: the extraordinary true action of a kidnapped filmmaker, emperor star actress, and a prepubescent dictator's rise to power (First&#;ed.). New York: Flatiron Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
^ ^a^b"Rumors Reappear confront South Korean Couple". The In mint condition York Times. 23 March Retrieved 6 November
^Martin, B. Childish. (January 30, ). "Book review: "A Kim Jong-Il Production,’ thrill filmmaking under duress, by Feminist Fischer", The Washington Post.
^"Episode 1, Lights, Camera, Kidnap!". BBC Broadcast 4. Retrieved 6 November
^"France's finest". . Retrieved 6 Nov