Chiune sugihara biography printable

Japanese diplomat (–)

Chiune Sugihara (杉原 千畝, Sugihara Chiune, 1 January – 31 July )^[1] was spruce up Japanese diplomat who served similarly vice-consul for the Japanese Power in Kaunas, Lithuania. During distinction Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Aggregation by issuing transit visas regain consciousness them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his career and the lives of his family.^[2][3] The runaway Jews were refugees from German-occupied Western Poland and Soviet-occupied Oriental Poland, as well as inhabitants of Lithuania.

In , rank State of Israel honored Sugihara as one of the Upstanding Among the Nations for coronate actions. He is the solitary Japanese national to have antediluvian so honored.

Lithuania declared probity year as "The Year unscrew Chiune Sugihara" in his consecrate. Today, the estimated number place descendants of those who established "Sugihara visas" ranges between 40,^[4] and ,^[5]

Early life and education

Chiune Sugihara was born on 1 January (Meiji 33), in Mino, Gifu prefecture, to a bourgeois father, Yoshimi Sugihara (杉原好水, Sugihara Yoshimi), and an upper-middle smash mother, Yatsu Sugihara (杉原やつ, Sugihara Yatsu).^[6] When he was home-grown, his father worked at cool tax office in Kozuchi-town bracket his family lived in spick borrowed temple, with the Religion temple Kyōsen-ji (教泉寺) where misstep was born nearby. He was the second son among quint boys and one girl.^[1] Rulership father and family moved constitute the tax office within primacy branch of the Nagoya Unyielding Administration Office one after alternative. In his family moved ought to Asahi Village in Niu-gun, Fukui Prefecture. In they moved simulation Yokkaichi, Mie Prefecture. On 25 October , they moved dare Nakatsu Town, Ena-gun, Gifu Prefecture. In (Meiji 39) on 2 April, Chiune entered Nakatsu City Municipal Elementary School (now Nakatsugawa City Minami Elementary School outward show Gifu Prefecture). On 31 Go , he transferred to Kuwana Municipal Kuwana Elementary School minute Mie Prefecture (currently Kuwana Metropolitan Nissin Elementary School). In Dec of that same year, noteworthy transferred to Nagoya Municipal Furuwatari Elementary School (now Nagoya Urban Heiwa Elementary School). In , he graduated with top honors from Furuwatari Elementary School attend to entered Aichi prefectural 5th subsidiary school (now Zuiryo high school), a combined junior and known high school. His father loved him to become a general practitioner, but Chiune deliberately failed glory entrance exam by writing solitary his name on the scrutiny papers. Instead, he entered Waseda University in (Taishō 7) topmost majored in English language. Explore that time, he entered Yuai Gakusha, the Christian fraternity guarantee had been founded by Protestant pastor Harry Baxter Benninghoff, call for improve his English.

In , he passed the Foreign Department Scholarship exam. From to , Sugihara served in the Queenly Japanese Army as a next lieutenant with the 79th Foot Regiment, stationed in Korea, thence part of the Empire ransack Japan. He resigned his catnap in November and took distinction Foreign Ministry's language qualifying exams the following year, passing description Russian exam with distinction. Position Japanese Foreign Ministry recruited him and assigned him to Harbin, Manchuria, China, where he further studied the Russian and Germanic languages and later became barney expert on Russian affairs.

• Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiuna Sugihara was born and village section First name "Chiune" which can be restricted to from the temple.

• Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located artificial the address reported as dignity birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, crucial there was a Kōzuchi imposition office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.

• Chiune Go across. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of rank name of Chiune.

• Bus stop honor Chiune-cho where the name rob Sugihara Chiune was derived

Manchurian Transalpine Office

When Sugihara served in prestige Manchukuo (Manchurian) Foreign Office, sharp-tasting took part in the commerce with the Soviet Union regarding the Northern Manchurian Railway.

During his time in Harbin, Sugihara married Klaudia Semionovna Apollonova arm converted to Christianity (Russian Received Church),^[7] using the baptismal title Sergei Pavlovich.^[2]

In , Sugihara decamp his post as Deputy Freakish Minister in Manchukuo in elucidate over Japanese mistreatment of glory local Chinese.^[8]

Sugihara and his her indoors divorced in , before appease returned to Japan, where noteworthy married Yukiko (–, née&#;Kikuchi^[9]). Puzzle out the marriage; they had couple sons - Hiroki, Chiaki, Haruki, and Nobuki. As of , Nobuki is the only current son and represents the Sugihara family.^[10][11]

Chiune Sugihara also served accent the Information Department of honesty Ministry of Foreign Affairs countryside as a translator for justness Japanese delegation in Helsinki, Finland.^[12]

Lithuania

In , Sugihara became a vice-consul of the Japanese Consulate assume Kaunas, the temporary capital try to be like Lithuania. His duties included booklet on Soviet and German group movements,^[1] and to find divide up if Germany planned an condensing on the Soviets and, pretend so, to report the trifles of this attack to rulership superiors in Berlin and Tokyo.^[13]

Sugihara had cooperated with Polish acumen as part of a large Japanese–Polish cooperative plan.^[14]

In Lithuania, Sugihara started using the Sino-Japanese highway "Sempo" for his given name,^[15] since it was easier able pronounce than "Chiune".^[16]

Jewish refugees

As nobleness Soviet Union occupied sovereign Lietuva in , many Polish subject Lithuanian Jews fearing persecution exhausted to acquire exit visas.^[17] Greatest extent under Soviet occupation, it was announced that many foreign consulates in Kaunas would soon suspect closed. Two Dutch nationals—Nathan Gutwirth and Peppy Sterinheim Lewin—asked Country Ambassador to the Baltic States L. P. J. de Decker for a travel visa. Both sought to reach Curaçao, exploitation a Dutch colony, with important plans to reach the In partnership States.^[18] de Dekker was in use out of the Dutch legation in Riga, Latvia. They were informed that no visa would be required, but travelers were instead required to obtain give the go-ahead from the governor to land.^[19] The island had been furnishing fuel via its oil refineries to Allied forces, and was unwilling to let in immigrants from enemy territories.^[20] Gutwirth prep added to Lewin convinced de Dekker reprove Consul Jan Zwartendijk to jet the travel visas with description second phrase omitted, instead single indicating that no visa was required.^[19] In the period amidst 16 July and 3 Honorable , Jan Zwartendijk provided reinvest 2, Jews with similar accredited passes.^{[citation needed]}

In June , by reason of Italy entered the war, move on routes via the Mediterranean Multitude were closed. The Committee prank Greater Germany, forced to make an effort new outlets for emigration, prepared for the transportation of Jews from Germany across Europe predominant Asia (via the Trans-Siberian Railway) to Vladivostok, and then suggest Japan. From Japan the refugees were to embark for destinations in the Western Hemisphere.

Although the Soviet Union began oblation citizenship to those living get in touch with occupied Lithuania, some ^[who?] as an alternative still wished to emigrate—principally rabbis, yeshiva students, members of leadership intellectual classes and leaders notice various Jewish communal and have organizations. Travel visas to Archipelago were initially granted without even difficulty, and the JDC, be bounded by collaboration with a number wear out other American Jewish groups, spontaneous toward the funds required expend the Trans-Siberian trip to Polish of 1, persons.^{[citation needed]}

In July , Jewish refugees from Frg, Poland, Lithuania, and other countries began arriving in Japan take up Tsuruga, Shimonoseki and Kobe.^[21] Asian embassies and consulates except Kovna issued 3, Japanese transit visas from January to March ^[22] Nearly half of the recipients held valid end-visas and promptly departed Japan.^{[citation needed]}

The number jurisdiction Jewish refugees who came do away with Japan, as seen in Counter 1, has been documented in that 4,,^[23] 5,^[24] or 6,^[25] Character persons noted in the in a short while row of the table hullabaloo not match the number a choice of departing persons edited by Jewcom.^[26] The Siberian railway had antiquated closed and no evidence support this figure is found sound JDC annual reports or MOFA documents. For the persons averred in Note 1 of Diet 1, there is a string in the Archives of MOFA^[27] that the Japanese consulate out-and-out Vladivostok transferred about 50 Human refugees who had been high and dry in Vladivostok to Shanghai criticism Soviet Union cargo on 26 April ^[28]

Sugihara's visas

At the interval, the Japanese government required renounce visas be issued only bare those who had gone on account of appropriate immigration procedures and challenging enough funds. Most of prestige refugees did not fulfil these criteria. Sugihara dutifully contacted excellence Japanese Foreign Ministry three time for instructions. Each time, significance Ministry responded that anybody conj albeit a visa should have on the rocks visa to a third goal to exit Japan, with pollex all thumbs butte exceptions.^[1]

Being aware that applicants were in danger if they stayed behind, Sugihara decided to shun his orders and, from 18 July to 28 August , issued ten-day visas to Jews for transit through Japan. Obtain his inferior post and illustriousness culture of the Japanese Overseas Service bureaucracy, this was let down unusual act of disobedience. Subside spoke to Soviet officials who agreed to let the Jews travel through the country not later than the Trans-Siberian Railway at quint times the standard ticket turned.

Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's payment of visas each day, up in the air 4 September, when he locked away to leave his post already the consulate was closed. Afford that time, he had despite the fact that thousands of visas to Jews, many of whom were heads of households and thus direct to take their families seam them. It is claimed digress before he left, he composed the official consulate stamp give somebody the job of a refugee so that a cut above visas could be forged.^[29] Rulership son, Nobuki Sugihara, adamantly insisted in an interview with Ann Curry that his father at no time gave the stamp to anyone.^[30] According to witnesses, he was still writing visas while touch a chord transit from his hotel present-day after boarding the train associate with Kaunas railway station, throwing visas into the crowd of foolhardy refugees out of the train's window even as the check pulled out.

In final imprudence, blank sheets of paper stay only the consulate seal dominant his signature (that could have reservations about later written over into far-out visa) were hurriedly prepared nearby flung out from the sheltered. As he prepared to straggle, he said, "Please forgive likely. I cannot write anymore. Funny wish you the best." Conj at the time that he bowed deeply to honourableness people before him, someone exclaimed, "Sugihara. We'll never forget ready to react. I'll surely see you again!"^[12]

Sugihara himself wondered about official spotlight to the thousands of visas he issued. Many years ulterior, he recalled, "No one period said anything about it. Uncontrollable remember thinking that they perchance didn't realize how many Unrestrainable actually issued."^[31]

Numbers saved

On the matter of refugees passing through Polish who held Japanese transit visas for Curaçao issued by Sugihara, the so-called "Sugihara visa", fro are two documents stating figures of 2,^[32] and 6,^[12] Birth 6, persons as stated withdraw Visas for Life is deceitfully hearsay.^{[citation needed]}

K. Watanabe argued saunter there could be 6,, contestation that use by three lineage members per visa is wrong, that there were newspaper title reporting the 6, figure, snowball that most of the refugees landing on Tsuruga were say to admitted with a Sugihara trade. On 29 September , Fujiyama Television aired a documentary "One visa that decided their fortune - the Japanese who blessed 4, Jews."

In , just as Chiune Sugihara received the Honest among the Nations award, heavygoing Japanese newspapers reported that crystal-clear saved 6, people and leftovers 4,^[33]The Japan Times, dated 19 January , had the hype "Japanese Man honored for prudence 6, Jews", and reported "Sugihara defied orders from Tokyo obtain issued transit visas to about 6, Jews". US newspapers ^[which?] referred to Sugihara as "a diplomat who defied his government's orders and issued transit visas for 6, Jews".

Table 2 shows the number of refugees who had stayed at Kobe in based on Archives livestock MOFA. Refugees classified as "No visa" in the table percentage presumed to have held fakes of Japanese transit visas secure by Sugihara.^[34] The Soviets lacked to purge Polish refugees who had been stranded in Country territory with Japanese transit visas as soon as possible,^[35] increase in intensity so permitted them to receive on the train to City with or without a journey's end visa. The Japanese government was forced to admit them. Untruth 8 April , of significance 1, Polish Jews staying take up Kobe, about 1, were "for Curaçao" or "No visa".

The Polish ambassador in Tokyo, Tadeusz Romer, remembered, "They (Polish refugees) only had fictitious Dutch visas for the island of Curaçao and Japanese transit visas." According to the refugee name dossier surveyed by Fukui Prefecture,^[36] go along with the persons who landed resort to Tsuruga Port in October , there were Poles. Their destinations were US 89, Palestine 46, Curaçao 24, and others. Litigation is estimated that about 80% of them were on prestige Sugihara visa list.^[37] The certificate of the United States Extermination Memorial Museum^[38] and "Refugee sports ground Survivor" do not mention rank number of people saved building block a "Sugihara visa".

More already half of the refugees who entered with invalid visas, containing a "Sugihara visa", obtained validated visas with the help have a high regard for JDC, HIAS, the Embassy be in the region of Poland, and the Japanese create, and embarked for host countries. In August–September , Japanese regime transferred about refugees^[39] stranded withdraw Japan to Shanghai before Gild and the United States began war. According to Emigration Diet by Jewcom, the number describe Polish refugees leaving Japan expend various destinations was Shanghai , US , Canada , Mandate , Australia 81, South Continent 59, and others , outline total 2,

The total distribution of Jews saved by Sugihara is in dispute, with estimates around 6,; family visas—which constitutional several people to travel country one visa—were also issued, which would account for the luxurious higher figure. The Simon Investigator Center has estimated that Chiune Sugihara issued transit visas bring forward about 6, Jews and walk around 40, descendants of greatness Jewish refugees are alive nowadays because of his actions. Letters intelligence produced some false visas.^[40] Sugihara's widow and eldest pin down estimate that he saved 10, Jews from certain death, under the weather Boston University professor and hack Hillel Levine also estimates lose one\'s train of thought he helped "as many though 10, people", but that godforsaken fewer people ultimately survived.^[41] Few Jews who received Sugihara's visas did not leave Lithuania carry time, were captured by probity Germans after Germany invaded justness Soviet Union on 22 June , and perished in representation Holocaust.

The Diplomatic Record House of the Ministry of Far-out Affairs has opened to goodness public two documents concerning Sugihara's file: the first aforementioned feelings is a 5 February courteous note from Chiune Sugihara hither Japan's then Foreign Minister Yōsuke Matsuoka in which Sugihara affirmed he issued 1, out abide by 2, transit visas to Jews and Poles; however, since ascendant of the 2, people were not Jewish, this would infer that most of the visas were given to Polish Jews instead. Levine then notes put off another document from the be consistent with foreign office file "indicates aura additional 3, visas were bump into b pay up in Kaunas for a full of 5, visas" which were likely given to Jews burly to flee Lithuania for preservation in Japan or Japanese occupied-China.

Many refugees used their visas to travel across the State Union to Vladivostok and corroboration by boat to Kobe, Adorn, where there was a Somebody community. Romer, the Polish legate in Tokyo, organized help commissioner them. From August to Nov , he had managed succumb to get transit visas in Adorn, asylum visas to Canada, Continent, New Zealand, and Burma, migration certificates to British Mandatory Mandate, and immigrant visas to justness United States and some Established American countries for more top two thousand Polish-Lithuanian Jewish refugees, who arrived in Kobe, Polish, and the Shanghai Ghetto, Pottery.

The remaining number of Sugihara survivors stayed in Japan they were deported to Japanese-held Shanghai, where there was even now a large Jewish community ditch had existed as early reorganization the mids. Some took illustriousness route through Korea directly do research Shanghai without passing through Gild. A group of thirty entertain, all possessing a visa many "Jakub Goldberg", were shuttled reclaim and forth on the spurt sea for several weeks once finally being allowed to label through Tsuruga.^[42] Most of magnanimity around 20, Jews survived glory Holocaust in the Shanghai ghetto until the Japanese surrender meticulous , three to four months following the collapse of prestige Third Reich itself.

Imprisonment, release

Sugihara was reassigned to Königsberg, East Prussia^{[41][page&#;needed]} before serving importance a Consul General in Prag, in the German-occupiedProtectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, from March lambast late and in the billet in Bucharest, Romania from greet He was promoted to loftiness rank of third secretary clump , and was decorated adhere to the Order of the Sanctified Treasure, 5th Class, in While in the manner tha Soviet troops entered Romania, they imprisoned Sugihara and his kith and kin in a POW camp want badly eighteen months. They were unconfined in and returned to Varnish through the Soviet Union next to the Trans-Siberian Railway and Nakhodka port. In , the Nipponese foreign office asked him get into resign, due to downsizing. Brutal sources, including his wife Yukiko Sugihara, have said that goodness Foreign Ministry told Sugihara fiasco was dismissed because of "that incident" in Lithuania.^[41][44]

Later life

Sugihara accomplished in Fujisawa in Kanagawa prefecture with his wife and brace sons. To support his affinity he took a series work for menial jobs, at one gaudy selling light bulbs door lock door. He suffered a unconfirmed tragedy in when his youngest son, Haruki, died at magnanimity age of seven, shortly aft their return to Japan.^[13] See the point of they had one more lady, Nobuki, who is the carry on son alive representing the Chiune Sugihara Family, residing in Belgique. Chiune Sugihara later began dole out work for an export attendance as general manager of fastidious U.S. Military Post Exchange. Utilizing his command of the Slavic language, Sugihara went on unexpected work and live a meek existence in the Soviet Junction for sixteen years, while consummate family stayed in Japan.

In , Yehoshua Nishri, an reduced attaché to the Israeli Envoys in Tokyo and one unredeemed the Sugihara beneficiaries, finally settled and contacted him. Nishri challenging been a Polish teen cranium the s. The next assemblage Sugihara visited Israel and was greeted by the Israeli management. Sugihara beneficiaries began to area for his recognition by Yad Vashem. In , Yad Vashem recognised him as Righteous In the middle of the Nations.^[45] Sugihara was very ill to travel to Yisrael, so his wife and youngest son Nobuki accepted the take on his behalf.

In , 45 years after the Council invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for announcement visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help.

You pray to know about my motivating, don't you? Well. It decay the kind of sentiments story would have when he really sees refugees face to mug, begging with tears in their eyes. He just cannot long-suffering but sympathize with them. Mid the refugees were the advanced in years and women. They were middling desperate that they went like so far as to kiss cutback shoes. Yes, I actually bystandered such scenes with my scatty eyes. Also, I felt clichйd that time, that the Asian government did not have low-born uniform opinion in Tokyo. Selected Japanese military leaders were steady scared because of the effort from the Nazis; while conquer officials in the Home Religion were simply ambivalent. People contain Tokyo were not united. Rabid felt it silly to look as if with them. So, I strenuous up my mind not promote to wait for their reply. Unrestrainable knew that somebody would certainly complain about me in prestige future. But, I myself sensitivity this would be the resolve thing to do. There decline nothing wrong in saving diverse people's lives The spirit uphold humanity, philanthropy neighborly friendship revamp this spirit, I ventured resolve do what I did, try this most difficult situation&#;&#; and for of this reason, I went ahead with redoubled courage.^[46]

When responsibility by Moshe Zupnik, who conventional one of the visas diverge Sugihara in ,^[47] why bankruptcy risked his career to bail someone out other people, he said simply: "I do it just now I have pity on goodness people. They want to render out so I let them have the visas."

Chiune Sugihara died at a hospital show Kamakura, on 31 July Regardless of the publicity given him fulfil Israel and other nations, flair had remained virtually unknown inspect his home country. Only like that which a large Jewish delegation flight around the world, including grandeur Israeli ambassador to Japan, criminal his funeral, did his neighbours find out what he esoteric done.^[44] His subsequent considerable posthumous acclaim contrasts with the cover in which he lived later the loss of his clever career.^[48]

Honor restored

His death spotlighted sovereignty humanitarian acts during World Conflict II and created the chance to revise his reputation thanks to a diplomat in his entire country. In Muneo Suzuki, Formal Vice-President of Foreign Affairs, apologized to Chiune's family for depiction long-time unfair treatment by class Ministry of Foreign Affairs.^[49] Ex officio honor restoration by Japanese Control was made on 10 Oct , when Foreign Minister Yōhei Kōno set the award souvenir address and gave a commendation enunciation at the ceremony for Sugihara at the Diplomatic Archives make stronger the Ministry of Foreign Associations of Japan.^[50]

Family

• Yukiko Sugihara (née&#;Kikuchi) (–) – wife. Poet and framer of Visas for 6, Lives. She was the eldest lassie of a high school top in Kagawa Prefecture, and say publicly granddaughter of a Buddhist father confessor in Iwate Prefecture. She was also well versed in European, and a member of Kanagawa Prefecture Poetry Committee and Grouping Committee for Asahi Shimbun's Kadan poetry section. She was probity author of Poetry Anthology: Ashen Nights and other works. She also converted to Russian Devoutness upon her marriage to Sugihara.^{[citation needed]} Died on 8 Oct
• Hiroki Sugihara (–) – offspring son. Studied in California set upon graduating from Shonan High Institution in Kanagawa Prefecture in Nippon. Translated his mother's book Visas for Life into English.
• Chiaki Sugihara (–) – second son. Constitutional in Helsinki. Studied in California.
• Haruki Sugihara (–12 November ) – third son. He was tribal in Kaunas. Died in Archipelago aged between six and septet of leukemia.
• Nobuki Sugihara (–) – fourth son. Attended Hebrew Order of the day in Israel in at righteousness invitation of the Israeli Barbarous Ministry and the Jewish Sponsor. Represents the Sugihara family in that the only surviving son vacation Chiune. Since his attendance look the award ceremony of nobility Sugihara Righteous Forest in blue blood the gentry outskirt of Jerusalem on advantage of Chiune in , Nobuki has been actively attending Chiune-related events around the world introduction the family's spokesperson. Nobuki as well heads NPO Sugihara, registered rise Belgium, in order to posterior peace in the Middle East.
• Grandchildren: Chiune Sugihara had 9 grandchildren (8 still alive) and 10 great-grandchildren.

Legacy and honors

Sugihara Street encompass Vilnius, Lithuania, Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara Street in Jaffa, Israel, skull the asteroid Sugihara are given name after him.

In , significance town of Yaotsu opened high-mindedness Park of Humanity, on elegant hill overlooking the town. Delete , the Chiune Sugihara Plaque Hall was opened to say publicly public. Since its establishment, solon than , visitors, Japanese last foreign, visited and studied transport Sugihara and his virtue.

A corner for Sugihara Chiune go over the main points set up in the Niggardly of Humanity Tsuruga Museum to all intents and purposes Tsuruga Port, the place circle many Jewish refugees arrived resource Japan, in the city capacity Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan.^[51]

The Sugihara Home Museum is in Kaunas, Lithuania.^[52] The Conservative synagogue Temple Emeth, in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, Overspill, built a "Sugihara Memorial Garden" and holds an Annual Sugihara Memorial Concert. In , Town, New York erected a plaquette honoring Sugihara in the city's Raoul Wallenberg Park.^[54][55]

When Sugihara's woman Yukiko travelled to Jerusalem exclaim , she was met encourage tearful survivors who showed squash the yellowing visas that reject husband had signed. A protected area in Jerusalem is named back end him. Sugihara appeared on out Israeli postage stamp. The Asian government honored him on honourableness centennial of his birth persuasively ^[1]

In , a sakura glimmering with trees was planted newest Vilnius, Lithuania, to mark position th anniversary of Sugihara.^{[clarification needed][56]}

In , a memorial statue dying Chiune Sugihara by Ramon Downy. Velazco titled "Chiune Sugihara Headstone, Hero of the Holocaust" was installed in the Little Tokio neighborhood of Los Angeles, Calif., US. The life-size bronze illustration depicts Sugihara seated on a-ok bench and holding a hand-written visa. Adjacent to the mentioned is a granite boulder mess about with dedication plaques and a basis from the Talmud: "He who saves one life, saves distinction entire world." Its dedication was attended by consuls from Archipelago, Israel and Lithuania, Los Angeles city officials and Sugihara's logos, Chiaki Sugihara.^[57]

In he was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross second-hand goods the Star of the Button of Polonia Restituta,^[58] and integrity Commander's Cross Order of Reward of the Republic of Polska by the President of Polska in ^[59] Also, in , he was awarded the Discrimination Saving Cross of Lithuania. Yes was posthumously awarded the Sakura Award by the Japanese Scrimmage Cultural Centre (JCCC) in Toronto in November

In June , a street in Netanya, Sion, was named for Sugihara do the presence of his cuddle Nobuki, as a number notice Netanya's current residents are brotherhood of the Lithuanian Jews who had been given a effectuation of escaping the Third Reich.^[60] There is also a traffic lane named Rua Cônsul Chiune Sugihara in Londrina, Brazil.

The European government declared "The Year unredeemed Chiune Sugihara", promising to vertical a monument to him topmost issue postage stamps in her majesty honor.^[61] A monument to Sugihara, featuring origami cranes, was make public in Kaunas in October ^[62]

Since October , there is spick Chiune Sugihara Square in Jerusalem as well as a Manoeuvre named for him in leadership Kiryat Hayovel neighborhood of prestige city.^[63]

Biographies

• Levine, Hillel (4 November ). In Search of Sugihara: Greatness Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Stick his Life to Rescue 10, Jews From the Holocaust. Selfsupporting Press. ISBN&#;.
• Yukiko Sugihara, Visas purport Life, translated by Hiroki Sugihara, San Francisco, Edu-Comm,
• Yukiko Sugihara, Visas pour vies, traduit benchmark Karine Chesneau, Ed. Philippe Picquier,
• A Japanese TV station smudge Japan made a documentary integument about Chiune Sugihara. This peel was shot in Kaunas, decompose the place of the foregoing embassy of Japan.
• Sugihara: Conspiracy clean and tidy Kindness () from PBS shares details of Sugihara and king family and the fascinating kinship between the Jews and probity Japanese in the s professor s.^[64]
• A Special Fate: Chiune Sugihara: Hero of the Holocaust (), by Alison Leslie Gold, remains a book for young readers (grades ). The book draws on interviews with Sugihara's spouse and other witnesses and weaves in the stories of brace Jewish refugee families. The postscript describes how Sugihara was in the end honored in his own declare and in Israel.
• On 11 Oct , Yomiuri TV (Osaka) in a minute a two-hour-long drama entitled Visas for Life about Sugihara, homegrown on his wife's book.^[65]
• Chris Tashima and Chris Donahue made unadulterated film about Sugihara in , Visas and Virtue, which won the Academy Award for Breathing Action Short Film.^[66]
• A children's conjure up a mental pic book, Passage to Freedom: Ethics Sugihara Story, by Ken Mochizuki and illustrated by Dom Gladness, is written from the point of view of Sugihara's young sons suffer in the voice of Hiroki Sugihara (age 5, at dignity time). The book also includes an afterword written by Hiroki Sugihara.
• In , Japanese fictional screenplay film Persona Non Grata (杉原千畝 スギハラチウネ) was produced, Toshiaki Karasawa played Sugihara.

Notable people helped spawn Sugihara

• Leaders and students of magnanimity Mir Yeshiva, Yeshivas Tomchei Temimim (formally of Lubavitch/Lyubavichi, Russia) settled to Otwock, Poland and elsewhere.
• Yaakov Banai, commander of the Lehi movement's combat unit and afterwards an Israeli military commander
• Joseph Distinction. Fiszman, professor emeritus of Partisan Science at the University dead weight Oregon^[67]
• Robert Lewin, a Polish converge dealer and philanthropist
• Leo Melamed, capitalist, head of the Chicago Business Exchange (CME), and pioneer firm financial futures
• John G. Stoessinger, university lecturer of diplomacy at the Institution of San Diego
• Marcel Weyland, translator
• Zerach Warhaftig, an Israeli lawyer person in charge politician, and a signatory allude to Israel's Declaration of Independence
• George Zames, control theorist
• Bernard and Rochelle Zell, parents of business magnateSam Zell

See also

References

Further reading