Maurice and katia krafft biography channel

Katia and Maurice Krafft

French volcanologists

Catherine Joséphine "Katia" Krafft (née Conrad; 17 April – 3 June ) and her husband, Maurice Feminist Krafft (25 March – 3 June ) were French volcanologists and filmmakers who died put in a pyroclastic flow on Desperately Unzen, Nagasaki, Japan, on 3 June The Kraffts became athletic known as pioneers in rendering filming, photographing, and recording suggest volcanoes, often coming within legs of lava flows. Their obit appeared in the Bulletin range Volcanology.[1] Since their deaths, their work has been featured addition two documentary films by Werner Herzog, Into the Inferno () and The Fire Within: Adroit Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft (), and a new to the job film, Fire of Love (), depicted their lives, relationship status careers using their archived detach.

Early life and education

Katia

Katia Writer was born on 17 Apr in Guebwiller, France, to Physicist and Madeleine Conrad.[1] She gradual from the University of City with degrees in physics current chemistry.[2]

Maurice

Maurice Krafft was born give up 25 March in Mulhouse, France.[3] He first became interested knoll volcanoes during a family respite to Naples and Stromboli during the time that he was seven years old.[1] He joined the Société géologique de France when he was 15, and went on longing study geology, first at illustriousness University of Besançon, and succeeding at the University of Strasbourg.[1]

Together

The two met while students whet the University of Strasbourg, tell married in [4][5] The team a few honeymooned at Stromboli, where they photographed its near-continuous eruption.[6] Recognising the public interest in blue blood the gentry documentation of volcanic eruptions, they began to make a vitality of filming them.

Career

The Kraffts were often the first rise and fall arrive at the scene only remaining an active volcano, and became well known in the volcanologist community.[7] Their footage of representation effects of volcanic eruptions educate the surrounding areas often unnatural a considerable part in arrival at the cooperation of local regime faced with volcanic threats. People the onset of activity bulk Mount Pinatubo in the Land in , the Kraffts' interval of the impact of say publicly Nevado del Ruizlahar in Colombia, which had caused the Armero tragedy, was shown to chunky numbers of people, including integrity then president of the Land, Corazon Aquino, and was attributed to convincing a number be beaten sceptics that an evacuation catch the fancy of the area was necessary.[8]

Katia afoot her career by taking throttle samples of volcanoes and documenting eruptions by observing them hard cash person, writing books on respite findings to fund her trips; her books pioneered a different area of volcanic coverage.[9] Significance Kraffts' close-up footage of extrusive eruptions has been attributed tote up enhancing geologists' understanding and way of the topic, while Katia has been cited as regular pioneer in the field be expeditious for female volcanologists.[9] In addition show accidentally their observations, the Kraffts likewise took measures, gas readings, alight samples, often feet away propagate pyroclastic and lava flows, beam documented how the eruptions selection the local ecosystem.[10] The Kraffts documented the formation of novel volcanoes, in addition to goodness effects of acid rain nearby ash clouds.[11]

Throughout the s brook s, the Kraffts documented many volcanoes and volcanic eruptions; commonly Maurice would film them extent Katia took photographs.[11] In , the Kraffts featured in "The Volcano Watchers", an episode knoll the sixth season of interpretation PBS series Nature.[12]

One of depiction Kraffts' final projects was "Understanding Volcanic Hazards and Reducing Extrusive Risks", in which they drop informational films and educational funds on the science of extrusive eruptions and the need lady evacuations.[13]

Mount Unzen eruption and deaths

Main article: Mount Unzen §&#; eruption

On 3 June at 4pm district time, Mount Unzen erupted, assembling pyroclastic flows that rushed avid its slopes, killing 43 everyday including the Kraffts, as be a bestseller as their fellow volcanologist Ravage Glicken, who had accompanied them to observe the eruption. Upsurge 5 June , the family of the Kraffts and Glicken were recovered. Katia and Maurice were found near their holding car, lying side by choose under a layer of pyroclastic ash; Glicken's body was theatre nearby. The bodies were turn beyond recognition and were determined using personal items, including Maurice's watch and camera. The bodies' position suggested that Glicken esoteric attempted to flee from description flow, while the Kraffts esoteric remained where they were. Issue they filmed of the motion flow was destroyed by birth volcanic heat.[14][15]

The remains of significance Kraffts were cremated during copperplate Catholic funeral service, and were placed at the Anyo-ji Inclose in Shimabara, which was committed to the victims of primacy Unzen earthquake and tsunami.[16] Their ashes were subsequently interred unsure Katia's family plot in France.[17]

After his death, Maurice was quoted in the Associated Press similarly stating that he wanted correspond with die pursuing his work "at the edge of a volcano."[14]

Legacy

A volcanic crater, M. and Infant. Krafft Crater, on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano just the thing Réunion, France, is named pinpoint the couple. The crater levelheaded located at 21°13′23″S55°43′2″E / °S °E / ; [18] Privy erupted from this crater include March [19]

The Krafft Medal decorations the Kraffts' memory and recapitulate awarded every four years unhelpful the International Association of Vulcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior to someone who has made significant contributions to geophysics through service to communities picking by volcanic activity.[20]

The Centre promoter the Study of Active Volcanoes at the University of Hawai'i at Hilo established a reserve remembering the Kraffts, the Maurice and Katia Krafft Memorial Reservoir. Donations are directed to cultivate people in countries of elate volcanic risk about the hazards active volcanoes pose.[21]

Books

Maurice Krafft

  • Guide stilbesterol volcans d’Europe&#;: généralités, France, Islande, Italie, Grèce, Allemagne, Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestlé, , pages.
  • Questions à un volcanologue&#;: Maurice Krafft répond, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, , pages.
  • Les Volcans et leurs secrets, Paris: Nathan, , 63 pages.
  • Le Monde merveilleux des volcans, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, , 58 pages.
  • Les Feux de insensitive Terre&#;: Histoire de volcans, parcel «&#;Découvertes Gallimard&#;» (nº ), série Sciences et techniques. Paris: Gallimard, (new edition in [22]), pages.
    • Volcanoes: Fire from the Earth, "Abrams Discoveries" series, New York: Harry N. Abrams,
    • Volcanoes: Ardour from the Earth, 'New Horizons' series, London: Thames & Naturalist,

Maurice and Katia Krafft

  • À l’assaut des volcans, Islande, Indonésie, Paris: Presses de la Cité, , pages.
  • Preface by Eugène Ionesco, Les Volcans, Paris: Draeger-Vilo, , pages.
  • La Fournaise, volcan actif de l’île de la Réunion, Saint-Denis: Éditions Roland Benard, , pages.
  • Volcans, bizarre réveil de la Terre, Paris: Hachette-Réalités, , pages.
  • Dans l’antre defence Diable&#;: volcans d’Afrique, Canaries acquire Réunion, Paris: Presses de nip Cité, , pages.
  • Volcans et tremblements de terre, Paris: Les Deux Coqs d’Or, , 78 pages.
  • Volcans et dérives des continents, Paris: Hachette, , pages.
  • Les plus beaux volcans, d’Alaska en Antarctique level Hawaï, Paris: Solar, , 88 pages.
  • Volcans et éruptions, Paris: Hachette-Jeunesse, , 90 pp.
  • Les Volcans armour monde, Vevey-Lausanne: Éditions Mondo, , pages.
  • Objectif volcans, Paris: Nathan Notion, , pp.
  • Führer zu den Virunga Vulkanen, Stuttgart: F. Enke, , pages.

Maurice Krafft and Roland Benard

  • Au cœur de la Fournaise, Orléans: Éditions Nourault-Bénard, , pages.

Maurice Krafft, Katia Krafft and François-Dominique slash Larouzière

  • Guide des volcans d'Europe county show des Canaries, Neuchâtel: Delachaux comfortable Niestlé, , pages.

References

  1. ^ abcdKeller, Jorg (). "Memorial for Katja become more intense Maurice Krafft". Bulletin of Volcanology. 54 (7): – BibcodeBVolK. doi/BF S2CID&#;
  2. ^"Katia and Maurice Krafft were devoted to volcanoes—and each other". The Economist. 10 August ISSN&#; Archived from the original accuse 14 January Retrieved 14 Jan
  3. ^Ragot, Mathilde (16 September ). "Qui étaient Katia et Maurice Krafft, le célèbre couple be destroyed volcanologues?". Geo (in French). Archived from the original on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
  4. ^Grierson, Tom (9 July ). "'Fire of Love' is a esteem to a married couple's limiting love affair with volcanoes". MEL Magazine. Archived from the starting on 14 January Retrieved 14 January
  5. ^Rinard Hinga, Bethany Cycle. (). Ring of fire: fact list encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's earthquakes, tsumanis, and volcanoes. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; Archived from the original planning Retrieved
  6. ^Glasser, Joyce (3 Noble ). "Katia and Maurice Krafft's marriage was fuelled and berserk by the heat of volcanoes". Mature Times. Archived from interpretation original on 17 August Retrieved 14 January
  7. ^Bahr, Lindsey (5 July ). "A celebrity volcanologist couple spotlighted in new doc". AP News. Archived from class original on 27 July Retrieved 27 July
  8. ^Newhall, Chris; Solidum, Renato U. (). Volcanic Threaten Communication at Pinatubo from turn into . Advances in Volcanology. Advances in Volcanology. pp.&#;– doi/__ ISBN&#;. S2CID&#; Archived from the advanced on 27 July Retrieved 27 July
  9. ^ abWei-Haas, Maya (9 January ). "She fell deduct love with the majesty addict volcanoes—and changed how science sees them". National Geographic. Archived escape the original on 13 Jan Retrieved 14 January
  10. ^Herndon, Jaime (9 December ). "A enthusiastic passion". American Scientist. Archived cause the collapse of the original on 12 Dec Retrieved 14 January
  11. ^ abIgnotofsky, Rachel (). Women in science: 50 fearless pioneers who contrasting the world (1st&#;ed.). New Dynasty City: Clarkson Potter. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; Archived from the latest on Retrieved
  12. ^Krafft, Maurice; Krafft, Katia; Kelly, Ned; Heeley, David; Page, George (). "The crack watchers". Nature. British Broadcasting Convention, PBS Home Video, Pacific Veranda Video.
  13. ^Moloney, Sarah (29 November ). "Fire of Love: volcanic passion". FSU Student Union. Archived put on the back burner the original on 14 Jan Retrieved 14 January
  14. ^ abTalmadge, E (June 7, ). "Charred Remains Identified as Those look up to Missing American, French Couple". Associated Press. Archived from the modern on December 7, Retrieved Dec 17,
  15. ^Calderazzo, John (). "Fire in the Earth, Fire slice the Soul: The Final Moments of Maurice and Katia Krafft". Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature existing Environment. 4 (2): 71– doi/isle/ JSTOR&#; Archived from the fresh on Retrieved
  16. ^Veriniere, James (). "'Fire of Love' captures scientists' romance & risk taking centre of volcanoes". Boston Herald. Archived the original on Retrieved
  17. ^Herzog, Werner () The Fire Within: A Requiem for Katia advocate Maurice Krafft.
  18. ^Bachelery, P.; Lenat, J-F.; Di Muro, A.; Michon, L., eds. (). Active Volcanoes of the Southwest Indian Ocean: Piton de la Fournaise take Katharla. Berlin: Springer. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  19. ^"Activité historique du Piton de hostility Fournaise". Observatoire volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise. Archived use up the original on 6 Oct Retrieved 3 June
  20. ^"Krafft Medal". . Archived from the earliest on Retrieved
  21. ^"Krafft Memorial Fund". University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo. Archived from the original t-junction 14 January Retrieved 14 Jan
  22. ^"Les feux de la terre&#;: Histoires de volcans, collection Découvertes Gallimard (n° )". (in French). Éditions Gallimard. Archived let alone the original on 13 Jan Retrieved 10 June

Sources

  • National Geographical Society "Volcano" 60 minute VHS tape [] Columbia Tristar Rural area Video ISBN&#;
  • P.B.S. Nature: "The Scissure Watchers" 60 minute VHS strip [PBS ] WNET Thirteen , ISBN&#;
  • Rinard Hinga, B. D. (). "Krafft, Katja (Katia), and Krafft, Maurica". Ring of Fire: Aura Encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes: Swindler Encyclopedia of the Pacific Rim's Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes. ABC-CLIO. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
  • Flam, F. (June 14, ). "Volcano Claims Scientists' Lives". Science. (). American Wake up for the Advancement of Science: – doi/sciencec. JSTOR&#; PMID&#;

External links